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== Dezyntaks baz (The basic syntax) == | == Dezyntaks baz (The basic syntax) == | ||
Revision as of 14:48, 23 March 2013
(Syntax and grammar in Delang)
Contents
Dezyntaks baz (The basic syntax)
Dezyntaks aunDelang autwari, aj all celangin gro mesti all cemesta intra delangebraz, nau ip delangebraz gro aj fakulti frepanemi. Nux nemul cediq baz wivi.
(The syntax of Delang is open, so each word can be placed anywhere in the sentence as long as the meaning can be understood logically. Only a few basic rules exists.)
- Cevezj gro ne aublige delate in anlangebraz. Aj «anlibexin ziti vy» eqwall «vy ziti anlibexin»
(Inanimate object cannot be the subject of a sentence. As such "a book read you" and "you reads a book" both carry the same meaning, "you read a book".) - Ip anlangebraz gro ne aj fakulti frepanemi, dezyntaks groaublige delate-demozjylangin-depoqe.
(If a sentence cannot be understood logically, the syntax has to be Subject-Verb-Object.) - Ceqlauz jezjaulati aublige ceqi delangin ani frelemqi aunj.
(Relative clauses has to follow the words it's linked to.)
Ceroge (Questions)
Cenauroge(Demands)
Ceroge (Natural questions)
Cehauroge(Enquirers)
Cerogelanging in Delang
(Question words in Delang)Delang Hau Hauq Hauru Haury Haux Delangen
(Pronounciation)/hɔ/ /hɔq/ /hɔɹʉ:/ /hɔɹy/ /hɔx/ Anglill
(English)How When Where Why What
Ceqwere(Inquiries)
Celangespadj (Punctuation)
Celangespadj in Delang
(Punctuation in Delang)Delangspadj
(Punctuation mark)Denam in Delang
(Name in Delang)Denam in Anglill
(Name in English)Dediq aundepaulza
(Usage rule)nafazi
(/nafazi/)Space Nafazi paulzi intex celangin i post celangespadj nintra aj fretexi celangin i celanginbraz ili ceqlauz, nau ne post Tausqa intra cenam.
(Spaces are used to separate words and after other punctuations to separate sentences and clauses, but not after periods within names.), Zizexin
(/zizexin/)Comma
(Litt: The Cut)Zizexin paulzi aunj fretexi ceqlauz lemqin naunj anqlauz nelemqin ili naunj anqlauz lemqin nintra.
(Commas are used to separate dependent clauses from an independent clause, or another dependent claus.). Tausqa
(/tɔsqa/)Period
(Litt: The Dot)Tausqa paulzi post celangebraz i post ceprenam groqlin.
Spadj: Nafazi gro ne aublige seqi detausqa in cenam, aj katriani: H.C.Anderzen /andeɹzen/; J.K.Raulling /lɔɭiŋ/; J.R.R.Taulqien /tɔlqi:en/.
(Periods are used to end a sentence and after initialized names.
Note that no space are used after a period within a name.
(Examples H.C.Andersen, J.K.Rowlings, J.R.R.Tolkien))? rogespadj
(/ɹu:gespadj/)Question mark
(Litt: question sign)Derogespadj paulzi post anlangebraz rogi.
(The question mark are used to end an interrogative sentence.)! qlamospadj
(/qla:muspadj/)Exclamation mark
(Litt: shout sign)Deqlamospadj paulzi post anqlamo ili anediqj.
(The exclamation mark are used to end an exclamation or a command.): llistspadj
(/ɭistspadj/)Colon
(Litt: list sign)Dellistspadj paulzi post anlangebraz aj anllist innpri.
(The colon are used to end a sentence that starts a list.); vezjspadj
(/veʃpadj/)Semicolon
(Litt: object sign)Devezjspadj paulzi intex cevezj intra anllist.
(The semicolon are used to separate items inside a list.)& feukspadj
(/føkspadj/)Inclusion mark
(Litt: inclusion sign)Defeukspadj paulzi aunj feuqi cevezj nintra wanllist.
Defeukspadj freziti aj feuqi.
(The inclusion mark are used to include additional items into a list.
The inclusion mark is read as "including".)| itangspadj
(/itaŋspadj/)Exclusion mark
(Litt: exclusion sign)Ditangspadj paulzi aunj itangi cevezj naunj anllist.
Ditangspadj freziti aj ne ili itangi.
(The exclusion mark are used to exclude items from a list.
The exclusion mark are read as "but not" or "excluding".)«» cejezjaulangspadj, cejezjauspadj
(/zejeʃɔlaŋspadj, zejeʃɔspadj/)Quotation marks
(Litt: resay signs or repeat signs)Dezjezjauspadj paulzi aunj arqi anjezjaulang.
(The quotation marks are used to enclose quotations.)つ zjangspadj
(/ʃaŋspadj/)Multiplication sign
(Used in multiplications.)ツ illspadj
(/iɭspadj/)Divisor sign
(Litt: island sign)
(Used in divisions.)
Cezeqilangin (Adjectives)
TUA: adjectives follows noun
TUA: the adjective 'naz', good, precedes the noun, in lexical, in greetings. (naz zuma, good evening vs. anzuma naz, a good evening)
Cemozjylangin (Verbs)
TUA: negation before verb (Delang is SVO language, but allows other syntaxes, most common SOV)
- Cemozjylangen aublige wetriwelau frefretexi: weflauw; postflauw; preflauw.
(In Delang verbs are inflected in 3 tenses: present, past and future.) - Dewelau weflauw in Delang dewelau baz. Postflauw i preflauw naunj weflauw qonstri ona depre fre-, aunj postflauw, i depre gro-, aunj preflauw, pre demozjylangin mesti.
(Present tense is the base tense in Delang. The other tenses are created by adding prefixes to the verb, fre- for past tense and gro- for future tense.)
Weflauw
(Present)Postflauw
(Past)Preflauw
(Future)groqlin
(shrink)fregroqlin grogroqlin fretexi
(fracture, break, split, separate, inflect (ling))frefretexi grofretexi jezi
(eat)frejezi grojezi
- Cewelau lemqin groconstri ona dvepre aj anlangin fretexi jutili, constri cewelau pawi aj: grone weflauw; grone preflauw & grone postflauw. Depre aublige hauru dewelau pawi inpri i aunDiq ne pre demozjylangin.
(Compound tenses can be created by using the prefixes as "articles" to the verb, forming complex tenses like future-present, future-future or even future-past. The time indicator should be placed where the compound tense starts, and usually not in front of the verb.)
Examples Aglill
(English)Dewelau
(The tense)Delang I ate breakfast this morning Postflauw
(Past)Kazespunta az frejaugi
(This morning I breakfasted)I eat breakfast every day Inflauw
(Present)Qaq tema az jaugi
(Each day I am breakfasting)I will eat breakfast later Preflauw
(Future)Az grojaugi detardh
(I will breakfast later)I was eating breakfast when my brother arrived Fren inflauw
(Past present)Hauq debrode aunaz freaunjeni, az fre jaugi
(When the brother of mine came, I was breakfasting)Right now, I am eating breakfast Inflauw
(Present)Az jaugi na nauwh
(I am breakfasting now)I will be eating breakfast from 9:00 to 9:30 Grone inflauw
(Future present)Az gro naunj jat aunj dwell yx jaugi
(I will from 9 to half (past) o'clock be breakfasting)I had already eaten breakfast when my brother arrived. Fren postflauw
(Former past)Hauq debrode aunaz freaunjeni, az fre uzj frejaugi
(When the brother of mine came, I had already breakfasted)I have already eaten breakfast Fren fren postflauw
(Former former past)Az fre uzj fre frejaugi
(I had already had breakfasted)I will have already eaten breakfast by the time my brothers arrives Grone fren postflauw
(Future former past)Hauq debrode aunaz groaunjeni, az gro uzj fre frejaugi
(When the brother of mine will come, I will already had breakfasted)
- Anmozjylangin gro naunj annamlangin qonstri aj kadvepost -i i -y post denamlangin mesti. Ip denamlangin na anprilangen cezzi, deprilangen gro ona depost -i jezjaumesti. Depost -i gro ne aublige post cenamlangen na -qj ili -zj cezzi. Depost -y aublige na kadvenamlangen jutili.
(Verbs can be created from nouns by either adding an i to the end of the noun if the noun end in a consonant or substituting the trailing vowel with an i. However if the noun ends in qj or zj, a y should be added instead.)
Cenamlangin (Nouns)
TUA: genitive follows noun
TUA: adjectives follows noun
TUA: the adjective 'naz', good, precedes the noun, in lexical, in greetings. (naz zuma, good evening vs. anzuma naz, a good evening)
NOTE! TUA: demonstrative and numerals are an integrated part of the noun in Delang (kapaddom bigg, these five large houses, ka-, this, -pat-, five (makes the plurals), -dom, house, bigg, large)
